Optimization, Identification, and Quantification of Selected Phenolics in Three Underutilized Exotic Edible Fruits Using HPTLC

This study aimed to investigate selected bioactive components in three underutilized wild edible exotic fruits (Syzygium guineense Wild. DC, Ziziphus spina-christi L., and Citrus medica L.), using high-performance thin-layer chromatography ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (HPTLC-UV-Vis), treated under drying conditions. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used extract the target specified conditions, i.e., time of 15 min, temperature 35 °C, methanol water 75/25, v/v, fruit powder-to-solvent ratio 1:15, w/v. The mobile phase for rutin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin toluene/ethylacetate/methanol/formic acid at 20:12:8:4, whereas, phenolic acids, 10:15:10:5, respectively. HPTLC plates were scanned identify quantify compounds (phenolic quercetin, kaempferol) their maximum optimized absorption wavelengths. contents ranged from 0.64 ± 0.19 mg/100 g rutin 320.04 7.10 chlorogenic acid. Based on results this investigation, phenol content freeze-dried significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher than other methods. calculated average limit detections quantifications 0.37 75 ng/spot 2.5 250 ng/spot, recoveries 99.91 5.65% 99.08 5.96% rutin. Overall, validated method simple, selective, sensitive, stable simultaneous identification determination acids flavonoids. As a result, revealed that flavonoids can be as effective antioxidants.